# Planet Banknote Reference Library

> The Planet Banknote Reference Library (learn.planetbanknote.com) is a free, first-party reference on world paper money and hyperinflation currency, from Planet Banknote, a family-owned numismatic dealership in Sarasota, Florida, founded 2021. Buy the notes at planetbanknote.com.

## Reference pages
- [Planet Banknote Reference Library: World Banknote Guides & Encyclopedia](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/): A free collector's library on world banknotes: hyperinflation history, grading, authentication, country guides, and the Zimbabwe 100 trillion dollar note.
- [Zimbabwe 100 Trillion Dollar Note Price Index (2026)](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/zimbabwe-100-trillion-price-index/): First-party price index for Zimbabwe 100 trillion notes by grade. Raw UNC $198.17 to PMG 68 EPQ $367. Updated monthly from Planet Banknote retail data.
- [Zimbabwe 100 Trillion Dollar Note Value by Grade (2026)](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/zimbabwe-100-trillion-dollar-note-value/): What a Zimbabwe 100 trillion dollar note is worth in 2026: real dealer prices by grade from raw UNC to PMG 68 EPQ, what drives value, and how to buy safely.
- [Zimbabwe 100 Trillion Authentication & Counterfeit Reference](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/zimbabwe-100-trillion-authentication-reference/): Authenticate a Zimbabwe 100 trillion note by the security thread and color-shifting Zimbabwe Bird. The note has no watermark, so that test does not apply.
- [Zimbabwe 100 Trillion Note: Real vs Fake Authentication Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/zimbabwe-100-trillion-real-vs-fake/): How to tell if a Zimbabwe 100 trillion dollar note is real: the tilt test, UV check, raised ink, gold foil replica warning, and PMG/PCGS cert verification.
- [Zimbabwe 10 vs 20 vs 50 vs 100 Trillion Dollar Notes Compared (2026)](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/zimbabwe-trillion-series-compared/): The four Zimbabwe Trillion Series notes compared: 10T (P-88), 20T (P-89), 50T (P-90), 100T (P-91), what each is worth in 2026, and which one to buy first.
- [Most Valuable Zimbabwe Banknotes, Ranked (2026)](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/most-valuable-zimbabwe-banknotes/): Every Zimbabwe banknote ranked by 2026 value, from the $19,369 consecutive 100 trillion bundle to the $119 raw 50 trillion, all real dated dealer prices.
- [Real Zimbabwe 100 Trillion vs Gold Foil Replica (2026)](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/zimbabwe-100-trillion-vs-gold-foil-replica/): Genuine Zimbabwe 100 trillion notes are cotton paper worth $198.17 and up; gold foil versions are novelty replicas worth a few dollars. How to tell fast.
- [Every Hyperinflation in History, Ranked](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/every-hyperinflation-ranked/): Six of the worst hyperinflations in history, ranked by peak inflation rate, plus the record-breaking notes each crisis left behind. Source: Hanke-Krus, Cato.
- [Zimbabwe Hyperinflation: The 100 Trillion Note (2007-2009)](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/hyperinflation-zimbabwe/): Zimbabwe's hyperinflation hit about 79.6 billion percent a month in late 2008 (Steve Hanke, Cato). The timeline, the Trillion Series, and how to spot a fake.
- [Venezuela Hyperinflation: Bolivar Collector Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/hyperinflation-venezuela/): Venezuela's bolivar hyperinflation, the Fuerte, Soberano and Digital series, and why the notes are an accessible entry into hyperinflation collecting.
- [Weimar Germany Hyperinflation: The 1923 Papiermark Collapse](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/hyperinflation-germany/): The 1923 Weimar hyperinflation: monthly inflation near 29,500 percent (Hanke-Krus), the 100 trillion mark note, Notgeld, and why Weimar notes are foundational.
- [Hungary 1946: The Worst Hyperinflation in History](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/hyperinflation-hungary/): Hungary 1946, the most extreme hyperinflation ever recorded: prices doubling about every 15 hours (Hanke-Krus), the pengo, milpengo, and the 100 quintillion note.
- [Yugoslavia 1994 Hyperinflation: The 500 Billion Dinar Note](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/hyperinflation-yugoslavia/): Yugoslavia's January 1994 hyperinflation (Hanke-Krus), the dinar redenominations, and the 500 billion dinara note collectors seek today.
- [Greece 1944 Hyperinflation: The Occupation Drachma](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/hyperinflation-greece/): Greece's 1944 occupation hyperinflation: monthly inflation near 13,800 percent in October 1944 (Hanke-Krus) and the 100 billion drachmai notes.
- [Best Hyperinflation Banknotes to Collect in 2026, Ranked](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/best-hyperinflation-banknotes-2026/): All six great hyperinflations ranked for collectors in 2026: Zimbabwe's $198.17 100 trillion note to Hungary's record pengo, by accessibility, price, and story.
- [How to Start Collecting World Banknotes (2026 Guide)](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/how-to-collect-world-banknotes/): A beginner's guide to collecting world banknotes: choosing a focus, raw vs graded, budgeting, buying safely, and accessible first purchases.
- [How to Store and Protect Banknotes](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/how-to-store-banknotes/): How to store banknotes safely: archival holders, PVC-free sleeves, handling, humidity and light control, and why a graded slab is already archival.
- [How to Spot a Counterfeit Banknote](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/how-to-spot-counterfeit-banknotes/): The security features that authenticate a banknote: security thread, watermark, color-shifting ink, intaglio printing, microprinting, and serial checks.
- [Where to Buy World Banknotes & How to Vet a Dealer](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/how-to-buy-world-banknotes/): How to vet a banknote dealer: third-party grading, IBNS/ANA membership, a Certificate of Authenticity, transparent sourcing, and real reviews.
- [Banknote Grading Guide: PMG & PCGS 1-70 Scale Explained](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/banknote-grading-guide/): How banknote grading works: the PMG and PCGS 1 to 70 scale, what UNC, AU, XF and EPQ/PPQ mean, a full conversion table, and how to buy graded notes.
- [PMG vs PCGS for Banknotes: Which Grading Service?](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/pmg-vs-pcgs-banknotes/): PMG vs PCGS for banknotes: both use the 1 to 70 scale. Compare EPQ vs PPQ, track record, holders and labels, and why grade drives price, not brand.
- [Graded vs Raw Banknotes: Which Should You Buy? (2026)](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/graded-vs-raw-banknotes/): Graded vs raw banknotes with real prices: $198.17 raw vs $229 PMG 66 EPQ on the same note, when grading pays off, resale value, storage, and beginner advice.
- [United States Banknotes: History, Notable Notes & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/us-banknotes/): A collector's reference on United States paper money: Continental currency, the 1861 greenbacks and United States Notes, National Bank Notes, Silver and Gold Certificates, Federal Reserve Notes, the 1
- [Iraq Banknotes: History, Notable Notes & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/iraq-banknotes/): A guide to Iraqi dinar banknotes: the Swiss dinar vs Saddam dinar, the 25,000 dinar note, and how to collect across Iraq's regime-change history.
- [Vietnam Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/vietnam-banknotes/): A guide to Vietnamese dong banknotes: large-denomination and polymer notes, the currency history, and how to start a Vietnam collection.
- [China Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/china-banknotes/): A guide to Chinese paper money: the modern renminbi and the rich Republic-era history, and how to collect Chinese banknotes.
- [Argentina Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/argentina-banknotes/): A guide to Argentine banknotes: the peso and austral eras, 1980s inflation and redenominations, and how to collect.
- [Brazil Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/brazil-banknotes/): A guide to Brazilian banknotes: the cruzeiro, cruzado and real, decades of redenominations, and how to collect.
- [Mexico Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/mexico-banknotes/): A guide to Mexican peso banknotes: revolutionary-era notes, the 1993 nuevo peso, and how to collect Mexican paper money.
- [Russia Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/russia-banknotes/): A guide to Russian ruble banknotes across Imperial, Soviet and post-Soviet eras, the 1990s inflation, and how to collect.
- [Indonesia Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/indonesia-banknotes/): A guide to Indonesian rupiah banknotes: large denominations, colorful modern notes, and how to start a collection.
- [Iran Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/iran-banknotes/): A guide to Iranian rial banknotes: pre- and post-1979 issues, the designs and denominations collectors look for, and how to start an Iran collection.
- [Cuba Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/cuba-banknotes/): A guide to Cuban peso banknotes: revolutionary-era history, Che Guevara-signed notes, the CUC/CUP system, and how to collect.
- [Japan Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/japan-banknotes/): A guide to Japanese yen banknotes: older large-size notes, WWII-era military and occupation issues, and how to collect.
- [Great Britain Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/great-britain-banknotes/): A guide to British pound sterling paper money: Bank of England white notes, historical issues, the polymer series, and how to collect.
- [Egypt Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/egypt-banknotes/): A guide to Egyptian pound banknotes: National Bank of Egypt issues, the mosque-and-monument designs, and how to collect affordable historic notes.
- [Syria Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/syria-banknotes/): A guide to Syrian pound banknotes: French Mandate issues, modern conflict-era notes, and how to collect.
- [Lebanon Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/lebanon-banknotes/): A guide to Lebanese pound banknotes, the cedar designs, and the 2019-2023 economic collapse (per the World Bank).
- [Afghanistan Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/afghanistan-banknotes/): A guide to Afghan afghani banknotes across royal, Soviet-era, and later issues, and how to collect.
- [Myanmar (Burma) Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/myanmar-banknotes/): A guide to Burmese kyat banknotes, including the famous 45 and 90 kyat numerology notes, and how to collect.
- [Cambodia Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/cambodia-banknotes/): A guide to Cambodian riel banknotes, including the unissued 1975 Khmer Rouge notes, and how to collect.
- [Hong Kong Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/hong-kong-banknotes/): A guide to Hong Kong dollar banknotes and the unusual system of three commercial note-issuing banks.
- [Singapore Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/singapore-banknotes/): A guide to Singapore dollar banknotes: the Orchid, Bird, Ship and Portrait series and modern polymer notes.
- [Saudi Arabia Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/saudi-arabia-banknotes/): A guide to Saudi riyal banknotes, the historical Hajj pilgrim receipts, and how to collect.
- [Australia Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/australia-banknotes/): A guide to Australian dollar banknotes and Australia's pioneering of the world's first polymer notes.
- [Colombia Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/colombia-banknotes/): A guide to Colombian peso banknotes, the Banco de la Republica issues, and how to collect.
- [Ethiopia Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/ethiopia-banknotes/): A guide to Ethiopian birr banknotes, the National Bank of Ethiopia issues, and how to collect.
- [Austria Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/austria-banknotes/): A guide to Austrian banknotes: the schilling and Austro-Hungarian krone, Austria's 1920s hyperinflation, and how to collect.
- [Belize Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/belize-banknotes/): A guide to Belize dollar banknotes, the Queen Elizabeth II portrait notes, and the 2025 National Heroes series.
- [Bermuda Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/bermuda-banknotes/): A guide to Bermudian dollar banknotes: the colorful QEII notes, the tie to the US dollar, and how to collect.
- [Costa Rica Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/costa-rica-banknotes/): A guide to Costa Rican colon banknotes: the colorful wildlife series, polymer notes, and how to collect.
- [El Salvador Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/el-salvador-banknotes/): A guide to Salvadoran colon banknotes and the 2001 switch to the US dollar; the colon-era notes are the collectible material.
- [Fiji Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/fiji-banknotes/): A guide to Fijian dollar banknotes: QEII-era notes, the flora and fauna series, and how to collect.
- [Mozambique Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/mozambique-banknotes/): A guide to Mozambican metical banknotes: post-independence issues, the 2006 redenomination, and how to collect.
- [Oman Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/oman-banknotes/): A guide to Omani rial banknotes, one of the world's highest-valued currencies, the Saidi rial, and how to collect.
- [Eswatini (Swaziland) Banknotes: History & Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/swaziland-banknotes/): A guide to the lilangeni banknotes of Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), pegged to the South African rand, and how to collect.
- [Yemen Banknotes: History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/yemen-banknotes/): A guide to Yemeni rial banknotes: the North/South Yemen history, the 1990 unification, and conflict-era notes.
- [France Banknotes: History, Notable Notes & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/france-banknotes/): France's paper money story: revolutionary assignats, Banque de France francs, the 1960 new franc, the 2002 euro switch, and how to collect franc banknotes.
- [Turkey Banknotes: History, Notable Notes and Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/turkey-banknotes/): The history of Turkish banknotes, from the Ottoman kaime of 1840 through decades of chronic inflation and the 20,000,000 lira note, to the January 2005 redenomination that dropped six zeros, plus how 
- [Poland Banknotes: Marka, Złoty and Two Hyperinflations](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/poland-banknotes/): Poland's banknotes: the marka's 1923 hyperinflation, the 1924 Grabski reform, communist-era Great Poles notes, and the 10,000 to 1 redenomination of 1995.
- [Ukraine Banknotes: History, Notable Notes, and Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/ukraine-banknotes/): From the 1918 Ukrainian People's Republic karbovanets to 1990s hyperinflation and the 1996 hryvnia, a collector's guide to Ukraine's banknotes.
- [Bolivia Banknotes: Hyperinflation History & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/bolivia-banknotes/): A collector's reference to Bolivian banknotes: the boliviano and peso boliviano, the 1984 to 1985 hyperinflation, Supreme Decree 21060, the 1987 million-to-one redenomination, and the high-denominatio
- [Peru Banknotes: The Sol, the Inti & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/peru-banknotes/): A collector's reference to Peruvian banknotes: the sol, the inti era of 1985 to 1991, Peru's hyperinflation in the Hanke-Krus table, the 1991 nuevo sol reform at 1,000,000 intis to 1, and the high-den
- [India Banknotes: History, Rarities, and Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/india-banknotes/): Indian rupee history from British Raj notes to the Gandhi series: the Reserve Bank of India since 1935, the 2016 demonetization, and British India rarities collectors prize.
- [Philippines Banknotes: History, Notable Notes and Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/philippines-banknotes/): A collector's hub for Philippine peso banknotes: Spanish colonial pesos fuertes, American-era certificates, WWII occupation and guerrilla notes, post-independence series, and the New Generation Curren
- [South Korea Banknotes: History, Notable Notes & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/south-korea-banknotes/): The South Korean won's history from the Bank of Korea's 1950 founding through the hwan era, the 1962 currency reform, and the 2009 50,000 won note featuring Shin Saimdang, plus how to collect South Ko
- [North Korea Banknotes: The Won, the 2009 Revaluation and Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/north-korea-banknotes/): The North Korean won, the 2009 revaluation and its fallout, red and blue visitor certificates, and the visitor-certificate series collectors look for.
- [Switzerland Banknotes: History, Design Series and Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/switzerland-banknotes/): A guide to Swiss franc banknotes: the Swiss National Bank since 1907, nine design series, the award-winning vertical ninth series, the no-deadline exchange rule, and how to collect Swiss notes.
- [Canada Banknotes: History, Notable Notes & Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/canada-banknotes/): A collector's reference on Canadian dollar banknotes: Dominion of Canada and chartered bank notes, the Bank of Canada's first series in 1935, the 1954 Devil's Face variety, the polymer Frontier series
- [South Africa Banknotes: The Rand, the Big Five & the Mandela Series](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/south-africa-banknotes/): The history of South African banknotes: the rand's 1961 debut replacing the pound, the South African Reserve Bank founded in 1921, apartheid-era Van Riebeeck notes, the Big Five wildlife series, and t
- [Israel Banknotes: Lira, Shekel and New Shekel Collecting Guide](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/israel-banknotes/): Israel's banknotes span four currencies in four decades: the 1948 Anglo-Palestine pound notes, the Israeli lira, the shekel of 1980, and the new shekel introduced in 1985 after the Economic Stabilizat
- [Operation Bernhard: The Nazi Counterfeit Pound Notes](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/operation-bernhard-counterfeit-pounds/): The story of Operation Bernhard, the WWII Nazi scheme that forged nearly 9 million Bank of England notes at Sachsenhausen, and why collectors prize them.
- [The Grand Watermelon: America's Most Valuable Banknote](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/grand-watermelon-note/): The story of the 1890 $1,000 Treasury Note nicknamed the Grand Watermelon: why its zeros look like watermelons, why only seven survive, and the record $3,290,000 Heritage Auctions sale of January 2014
- [The 100 Trillion Mark Note of Weimar Germany (1924)](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/german-100-trillion-mark-note/): Germany's 100 Billionen Mark note of February 1924 is really 100 trillion marks. The translation trap, its value at issue, rarity, and the Zimbabwe parallel.
- [The 100 Quintillion Pengo: The Highest-Denomination Note Ever Issued](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/hungarian-100-quintillion-pengo/): Hungary's 1946 100 million b.-pengő note equals 100 quintillion pengő, the highest denomination ever issued. What b.-pengő means and how to collect it today.
- [Confederate Currency: The Money of a Nation That Vanished](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/confederate-currency/): A neutral history of Confederate States paper money: the seven issues of 1861 to 1864, the rare Montgomery notes, wartime inflation, the Upham facsimiles, and how collectors grade CSA notes today.
- [Japanese Invasion Money: WWII's Occupation Banknotes](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/japanese-invasion-money/): Japanese invasion money (JIM) was Imperial Japan's unbacked occupation currency for the Philippines, Malaya, Burma, the Netherlands East Indies, and Oceania from 1942 to 1945. Learn why Filipinos call
- [Hawaii Overprint Notes: America's Invasion-Proof Money](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/hawaii-overprint-notes/): The 1942 HAWAII overprint notes were built to be demonetized if Japan invaded. Their story, the 200 million dollar burn, and how to collect them today.
- [French Assignats: The Revolution's Paper Money Disaster](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/french-assignats/): The full record of the French assignats of 1789 to 1796: paper money backed by confiscated church lands, the over-printing that destroyed it, the failed mandats territoriaux, the 1797 return to coin, 
- [Banknote Terminology: A Collector's Glossary](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/banknote-glossary/): A collector's glossary of 24+ banknote terms: grading, note types, security features, and catalog terms, each defined plainly.
- [Banknote Security Features Explained](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/banknote-security-features/): A collector's reference to banknote security features: security thread, watermark, color-shifting ink, intaglio, microprinting and more.
- [Pick Numbers & Banknote Catalogs Explained](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/pick-numbers-catalog-guide/): What a Pick number is and how world paper money is cataloged: the P-number system, worked example P-91, and other catalog systems.
- [Star Notes & Replacement Notes Explained](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/star-notes-replacement-notes/): What replacement notes and US star notes are, why they are scarcer and command premiums, and how to verify a replacement.
- [Specimen Notes: What They Are & Why Collectors Prize Them](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/specimen-notes/): What a specimen note is: a non-circulating SPECIMEN-marked example, why banks issued them, and their rarity and appeal.
- [Notgeld: The Emergency Money of Crisis-Era Germany](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/notgeld-emergency-money/): What Notgeld is: German emergency money from WWI and the 1923 hyperinflation, its artistic series, and its collecting appeal.
- [Most Valuable World Banknotes: 2026 Collector Rankings](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/most-valuable-world-banknotes-2026/): The most valuable world banknotes ranked: the $3.29M 1890 Grand Watermelon note (Heritage Auctions), plus collectible notes you can own at Planet Banknote.
- [About the Planet Banknote Reference Library](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/about-this-library/): Who writes this library, how every fact is checked and attributed, where the price data comes from, and how to cite it. Editorial standards, in the open.
- [Every Banknote Question We Answer](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/banknote-questions/): Every collector question answered across the Planet Banknote Reference Library, on one page: value, grading, authentication, history, and country guides.
- [Banknote Collecting FAQ | Planet Banknote](https://learn.planetbanknote.com/faq/): Answers to common banknote collecting questions: grading, authentication, shipping, returns, and buying world banknotes from Planet Banknote.

## Shop
- [Planet Banknote store](https://www.planetbanknote.com/): buy world banknotes; free Certificate of Authenticity, free USPS Priority US shipping, 7-day returns.